The Nuffield Oxford Taxi, often referred to as the Wolseley Oxford taxi was the first new taxicab designed to comply with the Metropolitan Police Conditions of Fitness for London taxicabs to be launched on the British market after the end of the Second World War.

Nuffield Oxford Taxi

Nuffield Oxford Series I
Manufacturer	Nuffield
Also called	Wolseley Oxford
Model years	1947 - 1953
Assembly	Ward End Birmingham, later Adderley Park, Birmingham
Predecessor	Morris-Commercial G2SW
Body style	London taxi, fixed head
Layout	Limousine
Engine	Nuffield 1802cc 4-cylinder ohv petrol, dry sump
Transmission	Nuffield 4-speed manual
Wheelbase	8ft 11 1/2in
Length	13ft 11 1/2in
Width	5ft 6in
Designer	Chassis: Charles van Eugen

The prototype, designed by Morris-Commercial, registration number EOM 844 was built in 1940 and was fitted with a landaulette body by Jones Brothers of Westbourne Grove, London. It accumulated a recorded 300,000 miles (480,000 km) in tests throughout the Second World War.^[1]

Changes in the Conditions of Fitness after the Second World War banned the landaulette style of body and the production vehicle was fitted with a fixed head body, of pressed steel over a wood frame. With its limousine configuration and open luggage platform beside the driver, it was in every other respect the same style as all previous London taxis. It was the last new design to be launched at the historic Ward End, Birmingham, plant which had been Wolseley's home since 1919.^[2]

It was powered by a straight-4 1802 cc petrol engine with a dry sump, based on an industrial version of an engine used in pre-war Morris and MG cars, The gearbox had four speeds with synchromesh on second, third and top. The brakes were mechanically operated by rods and the back axle was worm gear driven. A four-door hire car version was also made.

Distribution, sales and servicing were carried out by Beardmore Motors of Hendon. Beardmore, once a part of William Beardmore and Company had been taxi makers since 1919, but had ceased production of their last model before the outbreak of war.

The Oxford was introduced at the Commercial Motor Exhibition of 1947, and a fleet of new cabs served to carry guests from the wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten (now Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh) at Westminster Abbey in November of that year.

Three models were produced, each a detail improvement of the previous. The Series I of 1947 had artillery wheels. The Series II, introduced in 1949 had pressed steel wheels and the Series III of 1950 had what was, in effect a six light^[3] body, although of course the luggage platform had no door and thus no window.

Production was transferred to Nuffield's Adderley Park factory in 1948, and continued until 1953. The previous year, Nuffield had merged with Austin to form the British Motor Corporation, and the new management, headed by Leonard Lord axed the Oxford in favour of the Austin FX3, which had been launched in 1948. Beardmore Motors would go on to produce a cab of their own once more.

Note: The Oxford is thought by many to be a Wolseley model, as it was designed and first built at the Wolseley factory at Ward End, but the manufacturer's name as recognised by the DVLA, and shown on the Road Fund Licence ('tax') disc and V5 registration document is Nuffield.

A total of 1,926 ^[4] of all models were made.

Ward End production

• 1947; 362
• 1947/48; 331
• 1948/49; 234

Adderley Park production

• 1949/50; 323
• 1950/51; 382
• 1951/52; 44
• 1952/53; 66

Notes and references

Further reading

• Nick Georgano, "A History of the London Taxicab" David & Charles 1971 0-7153-5687-0 (out of print)
• Nick Georgano & Bill Munro, The London Taxi Shire Publications 2008 ISBN 978-0-7478-0692-9
• Bill Munro, London Taxis - a Full History Earlswood Press 2011 ISBN 978-0-9562308-2-9